Where Did The Nazi's Hide Walt's Money

Later on Allied forces defeated Germany in World War II, Europe became a hard place to be associated with Adolph Hitler'due south Third Reich. Thousands of Nazi officers, high-ranking party members and collaborators—including many notorious war criminals—escaped across the Atlantic, finding refuge in S America, particularly in Argentina, Chile and Brazil.

Argentina, for one, was already domicile to hundreds of thousands of German language immigrants and had maintained close ties to Germany during the war. After 1945, Argentine President Juan Perón, himself drawn to fascist ideologies, enlisted intelligence officers and diplomats to help establish "rat lines," or escape routes via Castilian and Italian ports, for many in the Third Reich. As well giving aid: the Vatican in Rome, which in seeking to help Catholic war refugees too facilitated fleeing Nazis—sometimes knowingly, sometimes not.

As thousands of Nazis and their collaborators poured into the continent, a sympathetic and sophisticated network developed, easing the transition for those who came after. While there is no evidence that Hitler himself escaped his doomsday bunker and crossed the bounding main, such a network could accept helped get in possible.

Below, a list of some of the near notorious Nazi war criminals who made their way to Southward America.

1. Adolf Eichmann

WHAT HE'S INFAMOUS FOR: The "world's near wanted Nazi," Eichmann was the architect of Hitler'southward "Final Solution" to exterminate the Jews from Europe. The notorious SS lieutenant colonel masterminded the Nazi network of death camps that resulted in the murder of approximately six million Jews. Eichmann orchestrated the identification, associates and transportation of European Jews to Auschwitz, Treblinka and other death camps in High german-occupied Poland.

HIS PATH TO SOUTH AMERICA: After World State of war Two concluded, Eichmann went into hiding in Austria. With the aid of a Franciscan monk in Genoa, Italian republic, he obtained an Argentine visa and signed an application for a falsified Red Cross passport. In 1950 he boarded a steamship to Buenos Aires under the allonym Ricardo Klement. Eichmann lived with his wife and iv children in a middle-class Buenos Aires suburb and worked in a Mercedes-Benz automotive plant.

HOW HE WAS BROUGHT TO JUSTICE: Israeli Mossad agents captured Eichmann in a daring operation on May xi, 1960, then snuck him out of the country by doping and disguising him as an El Al flight crew member. In Israel, Eichmann stood trial as a war criminal responsible for deporting Jews to death and concentration camps. He was found guilty after a four-month trial in Jerusalem and received the merely expiry sentence ever issued past an Israeli court. He was hanged on May 31, 1962.

2. Josef Mengele

WHAT HE'Due south INFAMOUS FOR: Second simply to Eichmann as a target of Nazi hunters, the md nicknamed the "Angel of Death" conducted macabre experiments amidst the prisoners at the Auschwitz expiry campsite. An SS officeholder, Mengele was sent at the start of World State of war II to the eastern front end to repel the Soviets and received an Atomic number 26 Cantankerous for his bravery and service. Later on being wounded and declared unfit for active duty, he was assigned to the Auschwitz death military camp. In that location, he used the prisoners—particularly twins, pregnant women and the disabled—as human guinea pigs. Mengele even tortured and killed children with his medical experiments.

HIS PATH TO SOUTH AMERICA: Afterward Globe War Ii, Mengele spent iii-plus years in hiding in Germany. In 1949, with the aid of a Catholic clergy member, the "Angel of Death" fled via Italy to Argentina where he owned a mechanical equipment shop and remarried under his own name in Uruguay in 1958. The md lived in various Buenos Aires suburbs, but after hearing of Eichmann's capture, went hugger-mugger, first in Paraguay, then in Brazil.

HOW HE ELUDED JUSTICE: West Germany had sent an extradition asking to Argentina, which dragged its feet, challenge a review was necessary because the dr.'s crimes had been "political." Nazi hunters pursued him for decades, but Mengele ultimately drowned off the Brazilian declension in 1979, felled by a stroke. Because he had operated nether an assumed proper noun in Brazil, his decease wasn't verified until his remains were forensically tested in 1985.

3. Walter Rauff

WHAT HE'S INFAMOUS FOR: An SS colonel, Rauff was instrumental in the construction and implementation of the mobile gas chambers responsible for killing an estimated 100,000 people during Globe State of war II. According to the Great britain's MI5 intelligence agency, Rauff oversaw the modifications of trucks that diverted their exhaust fumes into airtight chambers in the back of vehicles capable of conveying as many as 60 people. The trucks were driven to burial sites, and along the way victims would exist poisoned and/or asphyxiated from the carbon monoxide. After persecuting Jews in Vichy France-controlled Tunisia during 1942 and 1943, Rauff oversaw Gestapo operations in northwest Italia. In that location, as in Tunisia, Rauff gained a "reputation for utter ruthlessness," infamous for the indiscriminate execution of both Jews and local partisans.

HIS PATH TO Southward AMERICA: Allied troops arrested Rauff at the end of the war. He escaped from an American Prisoner of war military camp and hid in Italian convents. Later on serving as a military adviser to the president of Syria in 1948, he fled back to Italy and escaped to Ecuador in 1949 earlier settling in Chile where he lived under his own name.

HOW HE ELUDED JUSTICE: Never captured, Rauff worked as a manager of a male monarch crab cannery and actually spied for West Germany between 1958 and 1962. His whereabouts became known after he sent a letter requesting that his German naval pension be sent to his new address in Chile. He was arrested in 1962 in Republic of chile only freed by the country'southward supreme court the post-obit yr. Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet repeatedly resisted calls from West Germany for Rauff'south extradition. The Nazi died in Republic of chile in 1984. German and Chilean mourners at his funeral gave Nazi salutes and chanted "Heil Hitler."

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4. Franz Stangl

WHAT HE'S INFAMOUS FOR: Nicknamed the "White Death" for his proclivity to wearable a white uniform and conduct a whip, the Austrian-born Stangl worked on the Aktion T-4 euthanasia program under which the Nazis killed those with mental and physical disabilities. He subsequently served as the commandant of the Sobibor and Treblinka death camps in German-occupied Poland. More 100,000 Jews are believed to have been murdered during his tenure at Sobibor before he moved to Treblinka, where he was direct responsible for the Nazis' 2nd-deadliest camp where 900,000 were killed.

HIS PATH TO SOUTH AMERICA: After the end of the war, Stangl was captured by the Americans only escaped to Italy from an Austrian prison military camp in 1947. Assisted by the Nazi-sympathizing Austrian bishop Alois Hudal, Stangl traveled to Syria on a Reddish Cross passport before sailing to Brazil in 1951.

HOW HE WAS CAPTURED: He was employed by Volkswagen in São Paulo under his own name when he was arrested in 1967 afterwards being tracked downward past Simon Wiesenthal, a Holocaust survivor and well-known Nazi hunter. Extradited to West Germany, Stangl was tried and plant guilty of the mass murder of 900,000 people. Sentenced to life imprisonment, he died of heart failure in 1971.

5. Josef Schwammberger

WHAT HE'Due south INFAMOUS FOR: An Austrian Nazi, Schwammberger was an SS commandant in charge of three labor camps in the Jewish ghettoes of Nazi-occupied Poland during World War Two. Brandishing a horsewhip and a German language Shepherd trained to attack people, he arrived in 1942 at the Rozwadów forced-labor camp, where prisoners died past the hundreds, many shot by Schwammberger himself. In 1943, he organized the mass execution of 500 Jewish prisoners at the Przemyśl camp. He personally executed 35 people at Przemyśl, shooting them in the back of the cervix, and dispatched Jews to the Auschwitz death camp. In Mielec in 1944, he cleansed the urban center of Jews. "His path was littered with corpses," said the Nazi hunter Simon Wiesenthal.

HIS PATH TO SOUTH AMERICA: Arrested in Austria in 1945, Schwammberger escaped to Italia in 1948 and months later arrived in Argentine republic, where he lived openly under his own proper noun and obtained citizenship.

HOW HE WAS CAPTURED: Sought by West Federal republic of germany for extradition in 1973,
Schwammberger went into hiding just was somewhen arrested past Argentine officials in 1987 after an informant responded to the German government's $300,000 reward. He returned to Due west Deutschland in 1990 to stand up trial. Witnesses at the trial said they had seen Schwammberger throw prisoners onto bonfires, impale Jews kneeling beside mass graves and slam children'south heads against walls "because he didn't desire to waste product a bullet on them." In 1992, he was found guilty of seven counts of murder and 32 cases of accessory to murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. Schwammberger died in prison in 2004 at the age of 92.

half dozen. Erich Priebke

WHAT HE'S INFAMOUS FOR: A mid-level SS commander and member of the Gestapo, Priebke participated in the 1944 Ardeatine Caves massacre in Rome in which the Nazis slaughtered 335 people in retaliation for the killing of 33 German SS members by Italian partisans. Priebke admitted killing two of the Italians, but claimed he was just following orders. Priebke also signed off on the transport of two,000 Roman Jews to Auschwitz and served as the Nazi go-between with the Vatican.

HIS PATH TO SOUTH AMERICA: Priebke escaped from a British prisoner of war camp on New year'south Eve in 1946 past cutting through barbed wire while his guards were drunk. With the assist of Bishop Alois Hudal, Priebke fled to Argentina on a falsified Red Cross passport in 1948. He settled in the idyllic mount boondocks of San Carlos de Bariloche in the Patagonia region, where he operated at a Viennese deli and worked at a German school, living under his own proper name.

HOW HE WAS CAPTURED: In 1994, Priebke's past was revealed to the earth after an deadfall interview by ABC newsman Sam Donaldson. Every bit a result of the uproar following the interview, Priebke was extradited to Italy where he was convicted of state of war crimes and sentenced to life imprisonment, to be served under house arrest. Priebke died in 2013 at the age of 100. His funeral resulted in a clash between fascist and anti-fascist protestors, and he was buried in a surreptitious location later Argentina refused to have him interred on its soil.

7. Gerhard Bohne

WHAT HE'S INFAMOUS FOR: A lawyer and SS officer, Bohne headed the Tertiary Reich's Work Grouping of Sanatoriums and Nursing Homes and was responsible for the administrative logistics of Hitler'south Aktion T-4 euthanasia program. Claiming to be a "mercy killer," Bohne was instead amidst the leaders who carried out a systemic extermination in order to purify the Aryan race and avert state expenditures on those with mental and physical disabilities. All told, the program killed some 200,000 Germans with incurable diseases, mental illnesses and other handicaps. The victims were led to gas chambers in the institutions and so cremated. The program served as a trial run for the mass extermination camps later operated by the SS. Bohne was thrown out of the Nazi Party after submitting a report accusing his agency of fraud and corruption.

HIS PATH TO SOUTH AMERICA: Bohne fled to Argentina in 1949 disguised equally a "technician" for the military under the country'south president, Juan Perón. He later admitted that Perón'due south helpers gave him "money and identify papers."

HOW HE WAS CAPTURED: Afterward a coup deposed Perón, Bohne returned to Federal republic of germany and was indicted past a courtroom in Frankfurt in 1963. Released on bail, Bohne once once again fled to Argentine republic from where he was finally extradited three years later on as the outset Nazi criminal surrendered by Argentina. Declared unfit to stand trial, Bohne survived another 15 years before his death in 1981.

Source: https://www.history.com/news/the-7-most-notorious-nazis-who-escaped-to-south-america

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